- Rated capacity
- The maximum load a machine is designed to lift, always tied to a specific radius and configuration. It reduces as the load moves further out, so the only figure that matters is the rated capacity at your actual working position.
- Load chart
- A table or chart showing capacity at different reach and boom positions. It should be available for the machine. Ask to see the chart that matches the machine, counterweight and attachment actually being used, not one for a similar model.
- Working radius
- The horizontal distance from the machine's centre to the load. More radius means less capacity. It is measured on the ground, not along the boom, and must be checked at both the pick-up and set-down positions, plus anywhere in between.
- Safe working load (SWL)
- The maximum load a piece of rigging or attachment is rated to carry. Slings, shackles and chains should be clearly tagged with their rating, and the lowest-rated item in the rigging set limits what the whole assembly can safely lift.
- Dogman
- The person who slings loads and directs the operator. High-risk work licences may apply. The dogman selects suitable rigging, checks the load is secure and balanced, and guides it into position while keeping other people well clear of the area.
- Counterweight
- The heavy mass at the rear of a crane or excavator that balances the load being lifted. Load charts are tied to a specific counterweight, so removing or changing it alters capacity, and the swinging rear of the machine needs its own clear zone.